Bibliography and References

Evidence is crucial to academic writing. Every statement presented as fact should be substantiated with a citation, and citations are given in full as references (for a journal article, typically author(s), year of publication, article title, journal name, volume and issue numbers, and page numbers) after your final thesis chapter or article section. Some people provide a bibliography (most often in a thesis) containing references for everything relevant and useful they read during their research, including everything actually cited, while others give a list of references, which should only contain references for material cited in the manuscript. The latter is far more common, and universally required outside the social sciences and humanities.